OSCP offensive Security Certified Professional
cyberwing.pk sir website
CEH 80% mind makup
canable, ettercap, wireshark a tool used for picket sniffing
prerequisites:
Basic Networking
Basic Windows Concept like cmd/active directory domain services(ads)
cloud
Scripting
linux
__________________Kali Linux____________________________________
Linux Installation
Basic Commands
Tools
Basic User/permission
Network
Software
Services and Ports
Basic Server=> DNS/DHCP Web Server
Linux:
Win=>NTFS Linux => root ext2/3/4/ xfs zfs btrf
SWAP = For Ram Also called virtual memory in windows.
Virtual=>
Virtual Box
Kali Machine
Windows 10
Windows 7
Centos
Centos
Unix=> 1969 developed for CIA by NSARedhat => linux RHEL-8 (Red had enterprise os) Community Version is ( CentOS ) Red hat own version is Fidora another is Fedora-Sec for security.
IBM = AIX
HP = Hp-UX
Sun/Oracle => Solaris
Debian Os Name = Debian – Ubuntu/k/education ubuntu Mint , For Hacking/Penetration is kali, black arch, kodachi
Science linux, Voice linux (specific for voice), humaira linux used for media
.iso image of an os
.ova image of installed os only double click to run it.
kali.org
version 2021.4
username: kali
password: kali
Directory Structure:
/root
File System
bin:
boot:
dev:
etc:
home
lib
lib32
lib64
/etc All types of Configurational files are stored in etc.
/usr All softwares are installed in usr in linux. /usr and /etc are interelated becuase problem in one of then cannot work.
/var logs are stored in /var file. logs(all your activity related files). Splunk Certification ( certification to become in reading logs).
/bin All users bin commands are stored in /bin
/sbin
/proc details information is stored in proc
/home users profile (old documents and settings) /home/kali/downloads
/boot kernal – Vmlinuz is located in /boot folder
kernal is a communicator between hardware and kernal is managing your process ques
kernal is a communicator between software and software
It is a core part of operating System(king of os).Windows Kernal name is os – kernal and its extension is .dll
windows code (kernal is loaded in registery).
You can customize( change anything according to your choice) linux kernel.
kali.org
username,machine name – [Current path]
(kalikali)-[~/Desktop]
if $ then normal user
if / then you are admin/root
sudo passwd root
This command will change the root user passowrd
When user are in his profile then telda sign comes here.
login with root
detiails
snapshop
take current snapshot
and rename it anything
commands
in linux every directory start from root(/)
like: /disk means that this directory is present in root
cd cd Desktop cd is working like cursor change the current working directory
through cd you can change the path
like we are moving to root then
we will write cd root
ls list current directory
list all the folders
ls /etc it means that open the files of /etc folder.
in blue color folders appears
while in white color files appears.
cd ..
One step back
mkdir create direcotry
mkdir /linux /ceh abc /lahore
to create two directories
mkdir dir1 dir2
to create 500 folders
mkdir {1..500}
to create folder within folder
mkdir {1..500}{1..500}
this will make four directores one 3 direcototires in root and one directory in usr
touch
Touch is used for file creation
for example: touch filename.text
touch oracle hp data
this will create 3 files
cp
CP command is used for copy paste
For example:
If there is a file named oracle which is present in /lahore directory
and you are present in /usr directory
to copy /oracle file from /lahore direcoty to other directory like in root paste it in /linux directory
e.g cp /lahore/oracle /linux
cp source destination
This will copy a oracle file located in root lahore and then paste it in /linux folder which is located in root.
tab key is used for autocomplete and also used for spelling mistakes.
mv
This command is used for cut and paste or move
mv source distination
mv /lahore/data /linux
this will move the data file from root and lahore to root linux directory
rm — Remove a direcotory
to remove a direcotory in /linux/oracle
this will remove oracle directory
rm direcory name
Syntax:
command -option(switch or button) argument
option or switch are used to customize any command
to create a user
useradd Umer
this will create a user with a default properties
man command is used to read the manual page of a particular command
useradd -e 2025-06-01 waseem
the new added user will expire on this date
-e stands for expiry
this will add new user waseem with expiry date of this profile
to remove folder
rm -r /lahor/dir1
rm -r folderName or path
more:
cat
head
tail
less
more
nl
view
These commands are used to read the file
more /etc/passwd
in this passwd folders users exist
the id of root is 0
passwd userName
retype pass:
this will change the mention user password
this password will be stored in linux in the below folder and will be encrypted
/etc/shadow
to read file
more etc/shadow
In this folder windows password is stored
windows: c:\windows\System32\config\SAM
permission command in linux:
chmod + x
>
>
| pipe
|| double pipe
&& and
; simicolon
permissions:
permissions are only applied on rooot
permission is applied on file or folder
r w x read,write,execute
r read permission
w write permission write permission in linux is normally off (to edit/create/delete)
x execute x permission on folder means to open a folder
rm /etc/protocols
write protected
x permission on folder means to open a folder:
x permission for file:
to execute code in a file.
by defualt x(execute ) permission is off in linux
.bat cmd script or .sh (power shell script) .ruby .go .bat .ps
by defualt file color is white when x permission is applied then the file color is green
touch myfile
chmod +x myfile
then the myfile color will change to green
rwx read,write, execute
— no permission
r-x only read permission read only permission for folder
r– read
chmod a+rwx a means permission for all users
chmod a+rwx /disk
chmod a -rwx /disk
remove all pemissions from disk
to make changes in file then w permission must be given
to execute any file then +x permission is necessary
to open any folder +x permission is necessary
to make changes
Basic Network Setting:
ifconfig Interface configeration
devices
network
network setting
from nat change into bridedAdapter
and select lan if connected with ehternet
or select wireless network if connected with wireless
ifconfig eth0 down
to disconnect ethernet
ifconfig eth0 up
to connect internet now
Software installation:
in windows the executable file is .exe
in linux the installation file is .rpm
in kali linux the executable file is .db
in mac the execuble file is .dmg
apt-get
in sentos
yum/dnf command is used instead of apt-get
repo group of softwares provided by a link
repository of redhat
redhat.com
// of kali
kali.org
60k softwares are present here
android uses google repsitory
mac uses
apt list/remove/install/update/upgrade… sotware name
apt list
this will install list command
apt install zzuf
this will install zzuf
cat/etc/os-realse
to see the version about kali
apt update
this will sync all the present softwares with the repositary
if you want to change the
apt upgrade
apt install *
this will install all the dependency
Piping:
; | > >> || &&
; command separator
these command is used when two or more commands are used simultenously
e.g mkdir abc ; ls
this command separator break the relation between two commands
above command will
cd /disk; mkdir a b c ; ls
cp /usb/500GBdata /location; poweroff
these are the two commands at a time
script: When
shell provide login environment
It is a betwwen layer between user and operating system
popular shell in linux is called bash
zsh ksh tsh sh bash
popular shel shell is called bash
.bat or cmd in windows
powershell .ps
default shell in kali is zsh
ps
to show which version of shell is using
all linux version are using bash shell while linux is using zsh.
raw cluster
| Command Concatenator
output | input
ps -aux //this command will show all the processes of machine
ps -aux | more
1st command ke output more ke input hoge
matlab is ke result more ke input hoge.
ifconfig | more
this will also show single page in windows
space will show more
more command is used to read file page by page
services and ports
service apache2 start
apt list
wc Word count
this command is used to count lines
wc -l(line Count) -w(word Count) -c(
apt list | wc -l
this will count number of lines
apt list | grep wireshark
this will search wireshar software in the list
Output redirector
ls -R | wc -l
ls -R > /OS
list all the files and save in a os file
ps -aux shows all the processess of a machine
ps -aux | wc -l
This will count all the processess
ps -aux > /process
this will save all the processess in a file
|| Or Gate
&& And Gate
all users executable
03036595587 amjad ceh
netcraft.com
Website for cybersecurity information
to500.org
contain information about super computers of the world.
summit — super computer of CIA
Red hat enterprise linux — Operating System
